In the high tech age of today, business are lookin Essay Example For Students

In the cutting edge period of today, business are lookin Essay MIAg for better approaches to grow and get their items out to the market. We as of now have numerous laws and associations that urge this and attempt to assist the companies. NAFTA, GATT, WTO and EECU are good to go up in view of organizations. We are on the whole making progress toward a free market economy with the goal that everybody gets an opportunity however what dangers will that force on the customer. That is the place the MAI comes in. The Multinational Agreement of Investors is attempting to go after The MAI has been being examined since 1995. It began as a thought in the WTO and when a portion of the littler nations dismissed it, it went to the Economic Cooperation and Development. This association is comprised of the 29 wealthiest nations which are home to 95% of the main 500 partnerships. This new understanding is extremely solid and that is the reason it is as yet being held up in the conversation stage. In the event that it comes genuine it will permit enterprises to a ssemble anyplace and make what they need that they believe that they can sell. it will likewise let the corps. move legislative center all the more openly. The primary perspective for this is it will dispose of separation of the companies nationality. The defeats are that it enables the partnerships to suegovernment of the nation that it is in if the enterprise feels that its entitlement to make benefit is being hurt. his comes as a major issue since then the enterprise no longer needs to stress over doing things a specific path as long as they bring in cash. This leaves the individuals in the state vulnerable against their contamination and estimating power. Starting at now this understanding is as yet being held up in light of the fact that France and Canada dropped out of the conversations because of the enormous Non-Government Organizations that are fighting the MAI. Different nations are attempting to restore it since they think over the long haul it will be valuable as we globolize are economies more. I am happy that the MAI is being held up the present moment. I feel that letting a company become its own sovereign state is going to far. I need to have my offer in bringing in cash yet it is as yet essential to regard others accepts and that is the thing that the MAI doesn't do. On the off chance that that got passed I feel that we would at last have a free market economy and that it would pound everything. List of sources:

Simone Weil regards Christianity as a religion for slaves. What does Essay

Simone Weil views Christianity as a religion for slaves. What does she mean by this, and is it a legitimized guarantee - Essay Example universe great exceeds evil†¦ Thus the object of this certitude is an endless and general administration establishing the foundation of a perpetual request on the planet. Plunging Providence is never spoken to in any other structure, except if I am mixed up, either in the hallowed writings of the Chinese, the Indians, and the Greeks, or in the Gospels. She accepted that such pseudo-all inclusive strict thought was essentially changed by the Romans in their interesting and odd acknowledgment of Christianity, with notable results: â€Å"†¦ when the Christian religion was authoritatively embraced by the Roman Empire, the generic part of God and of Divine Providence was pushed out of spotlight. God was transformed into a partner of the Emperor.† Weil accepted that the thoughts of patriotism of the Jews and the Romans were the sameâ€both were pitiless, profane, and skeptic, both bolstered the misuse and mistreatment of the second rate by the predominant. Related with this equivalence of viewpoints was a common topic in the otherworldliness or love of the two gatherings. Both the Romans and the Jews, paying little mind to their dissimilarities in different angles, had a comparative thought of subjugation, fundamental to the cosmological convictions of the two individuals. The Jews accept that: In the writings dating from before the outcast, Jehovah’s juridical relationship to the Hebrews is that of ace to his slaves. They had been Pharaoh’s slaves: Jehovah, having removed them from Pharaoh’s hands, has prevailing to Pharaoh’s rights†¦ He arranges them indifferently to do great or insidiousness, however unquestionably more frequently underhanded, and in either case they need to obey. It is important little that they ought to be made to obey from the basest intentions, gave that orders are properly executed. As to the Romans, â€Å"Such an origination as this was actually on a standard with the sentiments and knowledge of the Romans. With them subjection had sabotaged and corrupted all human relations.† Therefore, Weil asserted, notwithstanding the

Buyer Behaviour Example

Buyer Behaviour Example Buyer Behaviour â€" Assignment Example > Buyer Behaviour in Retail ContextBuyer Behaviour in retail contextConsumer or buyer behaviour is an important area of marketing which should be given utmost importance. Marketing in all areas is done with the consumer in the mind, as he is the ultimate person going to use the products. The success of a business depends on the satisfaction of the customer. So understanding the consumer behaviour is very essential to improve and sustain the sales of any product. The field of Buyer behaviour deals with the factors influencing or associated with the decision making process of the purchase. There are two types of buyers. One is the purchase by the retail customer or end user spending his own money. He is the retail consumer. The second category is the purchase made on behalf of a business or any organization. Here the buyer does not spend his own money and only represents his business. He is the business buyer or consumer. The sales to the former are known as business to consumer and t he later as business-to-business. There are wide variations with respect to the selling concepts and the buying behaviours of both the above. For any sales person to be successful in the process of selling, either to a direct consumer or to a business, understanding his consumer is of paramount importance. He should understand the needs and requirements of the customer and be able to evaluate the major factors that would influence the customer’s choice. This broad outline is the main similarity between selling to both the groups of buyers. More than the similarities, differences are more in the buying behaviours of a retail consumer and a business consumer. The conditions affecting the buying behavior of retail consumer are more varied in nature when compared to that of the business consumer. In this report, the selling situations to both the categories are discussed through two examples and the buying criteria, buying methods, similarities and the differences between both would be analyzed. However, before that brief descriptions about the factors associated with the buying behaviours of both the groups of buyers are given. A retail consumer takes a buying decision mainly to satisfy his requirement and for his personal use. He looks out for the personal gains and satisfaction. The main factors influencing his behaviour are psychological, social and economic in nature. These in other words can be written as internal factors such as the extent of necessity of his need, level of desire (strong or weak) to buy the product, his perception and the knowledge about the product, his lifestyle, the influence exerted by his family members in choosing the product, his ability to take his own decision, and his individual personality. The social factors include the opinions of his friends, colleagues or the cultural or social group he belongs. The marketers of the products also play an important role in his decision making process. These are the way a particular bran d has been advertised, the real benefits when compared to other brands, price discounts and offers, after sales service, modes of payment and other customer experiences.

Climate Change Denial Of The North Pole - 985 Words

Climate Change Denial Its midnight in the North Pole, its summer and the sun hasn’t set in months; a polar bear is out hunting with her young cub. There has been less and less territory for her to claim as her own as of late, and even less food. She must find food for her cub. Having not eaten in days he has become malnourished and frail. She returns the dark, frigid water trying to find anything worth eating. Nothing. She climbs back onto the ice float where she left her cub. He is no longer moving. He has finally succumbed to his empty stomach. The mother, despondent and broken, let out a heart-wrenching roar before laying down on the ice and succumbing herself having lost the will or incentive to continue on. Everybody has heard of global warming and the anecdote that our grandchildren will never see a polar bear. Near apocalyptic warnings of the future we will have if we allow it to continue unchecked. However, there is a large faction of people who go out of their way to try to downplay the effects of global warming; these people are known as climate change deniers. Predominantly conservative, these people do everything in their power to undermine global warming for economic gain. Climate change denial has a big effect on the scientific community’s ability to focus on a solution to global warming and stems from misinformation and a value of public/personal opinion over scientific research. What is global warming? Global warming is a gradual increase in the overallShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming: The Release of Greenhouse Gases986 Words   |  4 Pageswater to rise and our freshwater to shorten, near extinction of animals, and it is affecting our health. The changes in our water have become more drastic as time goes on. One concern that has approached many scientists is the rising of sea levels. Overall what causes the rise of our seas is Global Warming, but there is a specific concern that is part of this causation. The north and south poles have been melting faster than expected. When a peace of ice breaks off, it takes up room in the ocean andRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On Our Society Essay1983 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Climate change is one of the biggest topics this generation will face, it is up to us to decide what conditions future generations ahead of ourselves will live in. I am going to show the science behind what is happening, but also how it effects me and other individuals in society and how they understand it. The Science and causes There is 1,260,000,000,000,000,000,000 liters of water on earth and about 98% of that is situated in our oceans I’m telling you this because one of theRead MoreEco-Buddhism7194 Words   |  29 Pagesï » ¿Sustainable development and Religion. Buddhism and the  Climate-Energy Emergency Statue of Buddha Sakyamuni, Bodh Gaya, India It is in this way that we must train ourselves: by liberation of the self through love. We will develop love, we will practice it, we will make it both a way and a basis, take our stand upon it, store it up, and thoroughly set it going. The Buddha,  Samyutta Nikaya Environmental and social breakdownRead More Fishing in the North Atlantic Essay example5849 Words   |  24 PagesFishing in the North Atlantic Abstract Ocean fishes have been consumed by humans beyond their maximum sustainable yields for years and the Atlantic cod and squid are two examples. Cods were primarily overfished to commercial extinction. Other variables were also examined to see if they contribute to the declining population. Water temperature was the natural phenomenon that may be responsible for poor egg hatching. Human causes such as increased UV radiation from depleted ozone and bottomRead More Biblical Creationism versus Scientific Origin Essay example8399 Words   |  34 Pagesknow it, is not incompatible with a creator. But it most certainly does not require one. I think it would be prudent to define a few terms first. Evolution: The change in life over long time scales by descent with modification through natural selection, except when used in astronomical context (where it refers to slow changes in stars and galaxies.) Creationism: Specifically, I use this to mean Christian young-earth creationism; the belief that Earth was created in 6 literal days as writtenRead MoreHofstede: Cultures and Organizations - Software of the Mind Culture as Mental Programming9246 Words   |  37 Pagesirrational vs. rational 2 Values are among the first things children learn - not consciously, but implicitly. Development psychologists believe that by the age of 10, most children have their basic value system firmly in place, and after that age, changes are difficult to make. Because they were acquired so early in our lives, many values remain unconscious to those who hold them. Therefore they cannot be discussed, nor can they be directly observed by outsiders. They can only be inferred from theRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesAmerican History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited byRead MoreRacism and Ethnic Discrimination44667 Words   |  179 PagesRacism: colonial inheritance 4.1 Nicaragua: multiethnic and pluricultural state 4.2 The historic roots of differences, discrimination, and racism 4.2.1 Spanish Conquest and its repercussions in Indigenous cultures of the Pacific, Central and North 4.2.2 English colonization in the Caribbean Coast region 4.2.3 The Liberal policy in the Caribbean Coast: internal colonization 4.2.4 Afro-descendent communities in Nicaragua 4.2.5 Colonization through development models on Indigenous land Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesEffective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 11. 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Reflections on Childhood Development Essay - 1924 Words

In Infant development, as newborns progress in their development, many changes occur. Neonates, newborns have preferences already for certain senses such as odor, tastes, sounds, and some visual configuration. However, through infancy a baby develop better senses of hearing, and vision. For example, at birth typically a child’s vision is 20/600 and will not reach 20/20 until age two. They can usually focus on objects or people that are up to 9 inches away and can following a moving finger. Newborns also prefer colored stimuli compared to gray ones, but do not develop full perception of color until they are about four months old. Over the first 18 months of an infant’s life, motor skills also develop very progressively more. This†¦show more content†¦Right before reaching his first birthday, Jarrett was able to walk alone by his self and did not any support to guide him anymore. During infancy, all infants usually have a strong attachment to either their mother or their primary caregivers. Many newborn babies prefer contact comfort, supplied by bodily contact, and suffer from separation anxiety when they are separated from their primary caregiver. Separation anxiety results in fear and distress of the newborn child and usually peaks when the infant is between 12 and 18 months. When an infant reaches 6 to 7 months of age, a fear of strangers, stranger anxiety arises, and this usually increases until the child’s first birthday. Four patterns of attachment from Mary Ainsworth’s study after brief separation from their mother’s were identified and are most common. Some infants show patterns of secure attachment, where they are highly distressed when separated from their mother or caregiver. Infants who show a pattern of secure attachment are typically more responsive, obedient, and cooperative than other infants. Preschoolers who had secure attachment as infants are more likely to show more advanced social skills, than infa nts not attached securely to their caregivers. The second pattern is known as avoidant attachment, which are not quick to respond to their primary caregiver when they are present and are not alarmed when they leave. Even when the caregiver returns, theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Early Childhood Education Field1117 Words   |  5 Pagesand accountability in the early childhood education field, policy makers have increasingly turned to the development of effective professional practice among early childhood educators (ECEs) as the predominant approach in securing better outcomes for children. 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LearningRead MoreChild Observation: Middle Childhood1388 Words   |  6 PagesCHILD DEVELOPMENT CHART: MIDDLE CHILDHOOD (7-11 years) Early Childhood Development YOUR CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHART: MIDDLE CHILDHOOD (7–11 YEARS) SECTION 1: MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS | |[pic] [pic] | |BIOSOCIAL |Brief Description of Example Read MoreEssay On Self Reflection958 Words   |  4 PagesPractitioners Statement 2 Unrelated Pieces First piece: Blissful soul Once this course had commenced, I came up with the idea of painting a person’s reflection to represent the theme of self-image. Throughout the process of experimenting with different types of paint, I decided to work closely with watercolour as it was a media that I found enjoyable. 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Year 11 Physics the World Communicates Dot Points Free Essays

string(167) " a medium for propagation while electromagnetic waves do not Mechanical waves require a medium \(particles in order to propagate\) while electromagnetic waves do not\." The World Communicates 1. The wave model can be used to explain how current technologies transfer information * describe the energy transformations required in one of the following: mobile telephone, fax/ modem, radio and television Energy transmission in mobile telephone: ound wave energy (input sound) -gt; electrical (in transmitting phone) – gt; radio wave (transmit signal) -gt; electrical (in receiving phone) -gt; sound (output sound) * describe waves as a transfer of energy disturbance that may occur in one, two or three dimensions, depending on the nature of the wave and the medium A wave is a travelling disturbance which transfers energy without transporting matter. They may occur in 1D, 2D or 3D, depending on the nature of the wave and the medium. We will write a custom essay sample on Year 11 Physics: the World Communicates Dot Points or any similar topic only for you Order Now D- slinky, laser light gt;gt;gt; only moves in one direction 2D- water wave gt;gt;gt; propagates in all directions on a single plane 3D-light, sound, all EM waves gt;gt;gt; spreads/ radiates in all directions from a single point * identify that mechanical waves require a medium for propagation while electromagnetic waves do not Mechanical waves require a medium (particles in order to propagate) while electromagnetic waves do not. You read "Year 11 Physics: the World Communicates Dot Points" in category "Papers" Classification of Waves: in terms of medium gt; mechanical (requires), electromagnetic (doesn’t require) -in terms of particle oscillation gt; mechanical gt;gt;gt; transverse (perpendicular), longitudinal (parallel) * define and apply the following terms to the wave model: medium, displacement, amplitude, period, compression, rarefaction, crest, trough, transverse waves, longitudinal waves, frequency, wavelength, velocity Mechanical Waves -require a medium to propagate -involves the transfer of energy through a medium by the motion of particles of the medium itself -particles moves as oscillations or vibrations around a fixed point Transverse waves (e. g. light) – mechanical waves – particles of the medium oscillate back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation -does not require a medium Longitudinal/compressional waves (e. g. sound) -mechanical waves -particles of the medium oscillate back and forth in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation -requires a medium Period (T) – time taken for a single wave to pass through a fixed point OR the time taken for a particle of a medium to make one complete oscillation (measured in seconds) -T = 1f Frequency (f) – number of waves that pass through a fixed point per second OR number of complete oscillations of a medium particle in one second (measured in hertz gt; Hz) Medium – material through which a wave can propagate Displacement-shortest distance from initial position to final position of a particle Amplitude (A) – maximum displacement of particles from the undisturbed state (equilibrium position) Compression – zones where particles are closer together than in their undisturbed state Rarefaction – zones where the particles are further apart than in their undisturbed state Crest- highest part of the waves Trough- lowest part of the wave Wavelength (? ) – distance between 2 successive identical points on a wave (e. g. distance measured in metres, between adjacent crests or troughs) Velocity (v) – speed at which the wave transfers energy away from the source * describe the relationship between particle motion and the direction of energy propagation in transverse and longitudinal waves Particles in a transverse wave oscillate back and forth in direction perpendicular to direction of propagation. Particles in a longitudinal wave oscillate back and forth in direction parallel to direction of propagation. * quantify the relationship between velocity, frequency and wavelength for a wave: Velocity is directly proportional to the product of the frequency and wavelength of the wave. 2. Features of a wave model can be used to account for the properties of sound * identify that sound waves are vibrations or oscillations of particles in a medium Sound Waves -are vibrations or oscillations of particles in a medium classed as a mechanical longitudinal wave -when sound wave propagates, vibrations of the particles create pressure variations within that medium -frequency of a sound is determined by the frequency of the original vibration, NOT by the medium it travels through (i. e. frequency of a sound doesn’t change through any medium) -speed of sound is different in different media -sound travels fastest in solids, followed by liquids then gases (i. e. higher density- particles packed more closely together- vibrations travel faster) -speed of sound in air = 343 m/s relate compressions and rarefactions of sound waves to the crests and troughs of transverse waves used to represent them Compressions gt; crests Rarefactions gt; troughs * explain qualitatively that pitch is related to frequency and volume to amplitude of sound waves The amplitude of a sound wave determines the volume of the sound. high amplitude = high volumelow amplitude=low volume Likewise, the frequency of a sound wave is directly related to the pitch of a sound. The higher the frequency, the more vibrations per second, and thus, the higher the pitch. High frequency= high pitchlow frequency=low pitch * explain an echo as a reflection of a sound wave Echo – forms when a sound wave reflects off a hard surface and rebounds back to its original source, essentially becoming the reflection of a sound wave. – wide variety of applications including SONAR (Sound Navigation And Ranging) gt; method for finding the depth of water and detection of animals and other objects in water * describe the principle of superposition and compare the resulting waves to the original waves in sound Superposition- also known as wave interference when two or more waves of the same type pass through the same medium at the same time, they will interfere with each other -individual component waves will interfere to give the resultant wave -position of any point on the resultant wave is the sum of the amplitudes of the component waves -rules to superimpose component waves: 1. End points 2. Intersecting points 3. Crests/ Troughs -note: gt; curve + cu rve = curve gt; curve + line = curve gt; line + line = line gt; once component waves no longer interfere with each other, they will return to their initial state -constructive interference gt; component waves are in phase (crests and troughs aligned) -destructive interference gt; component waves 180? out of phase (crests of one wave aligned to troughs of the other and vice versa) gt; resultant wave is a straight line 3. Recent technological developments have allowed greater use of the electromagnetic spectrum * describe electromagnetic waves in terms of their speed in space and their lack of requirement of a medium for propagation Electromagnetic Waves – travel through space at the speed of light, 3Ãâ€"10? m/s. – do not require a medium to propagate (i. e. can pass through a vacuum, are all transverse waves) – e. g. gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet, visible (VIBGYOR), infrared, microwaves, radio waves * identify the lectromagnetic wavebands filtered out by the atmosphere, especially UV, X-rays and gamma rays Waves able to penetrate atmosphere and reach surface of the Earthgt; visible light, radio waves, microwaves -too much exposure to UV radiation can result in cancers and dangerous mutations -too much exposure to X-rays and Gamma radiation would quickly kill us -Earth’s atmosphere has the ability to absorb ay incoming high energy radiation * identify methods for the det ection of various wavebands in the electromagnetic spectrum EM Wave| Detectors| Source| Gamma| Geiger Muller tube| Nuclei of radioactive atoms and cosmic rays| X-ray| Fluorescent screen| X-ray tubes| Ultraviolet (UV)| Photo/solar cellsFluorescent chemicals| Very hot objectsArcs and sparksMercury capour lamps| Visible| Photo/ solar cellsEye| Hot objectsLampsLasers| Infrared| Special photographic filmSkinSemiconductor devices such as LDR and photodiode| Warm and hot objects (e. g. ire, people)| Radio/ Microwaves| Aerials connected to tuned electric circuits in radio and TV sets| Microwaves and ovensTV and radio transmitters using electric circuits and aerialsOscillating electrons| Note: the sun is a producer of all EM waves sending all bandwidths to Earth Photographic film detects all EM waves except for radio/ microwaves * where k = amount of energy of source, d = distance away from source, I= intensity explain that the relationship between the intensity of electromagnetic radiation and distance from a source is an example of the inverse square law: Intensity – the energy received per square metre per second at a distance away from the source Attenuation – decrease in the strength of the signal or light -EM waves decrease in intensity the further they are away from the source – to reduce attenuation in long distance communication, signal needs to be either: gt; sent out as a very large strong signal gt; signals travelling long distances need to be amplified at repeater or booster stations along their path * outline how the modulation of mplitude or frequency of visible light, microwaves and/or radio waves can be used to transmit information Bandwidth – space taken up in terms of frequency Modulation – process of adding (encoding) signal information to an EM wave Amplitude Modulation -signal wave encoded onto carrier wave by adding amplitude of signal wave and carrier waves using principle of superposition -turns into resultant modulated wave -information stored in variations of amplitude -const ant frequency, changing amplitudes when received, radio receiver will decode variation in amplitude to obtain original signal, which is then amplified Advantages| Disadvantages| * requires a much smaller bandwidth of frequencies for transmission * number of transmissions possible in the AM band is larger| * depend on changing of amplitude through superposition of waves and therefore e very prone to interference | Frequency Modulation -signal wave added to carrier waves by changing frequency of carrier wave -information stored in variations of frequency -constant amplitude, changing frequencies low signal corresponds to low frequency and vice versa for high signals Note: frequency bands = megahertz (MHz)= _x10^6 m/s Advantages| Disadvantages| * since FM waves store information on varying frequencies, less prone to interference -harder to influence frequency of a wave by interference and superposition| * each transmission utilises a large bandwidth * different transmitters must be allocated different frequency bands for transmission to avoide interference with each other * limited number of transmitters allowable in given area| discuss problems produced by the limited range of the electromagnetic spectrum available for communication purposes -each transmission requires different frequency bands, but available bandwidth for certain types of EM waves is limited so there’s a possibility may run out of bandwidth and have transmissions start interfering with each other 4. Many communication technologies use applications of reflection and refraction of electromagnetic waves * describe and apply the law of reflection and explain the effect of reflection from a plane surface on waves Reflection – When a wave strikes a boundary, it bounces back. This is known as the reflection of a wave. Law of Reflection: – angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection – incident ray, reflected ray and the normal are on the same plane * describe ways in which applications of reflection of light, radio waves and microwaves have assisted in information transfer Light gt; fibre optic communcation Radio waves gt; AM/ FM radio transmission Microwaves gt; microwave repeating stations (to boost intensity of received signals through use of parabolic concave surface of satellite dishes) gt; mobile phone, internet cable data describe one application of reflection for each of the following: plane surfaces, concave surfaces, convex surfaces, radio waves being reflected by the ionosphere Plane gt; dressing and shaving Parabolic concave gt; satellite dishes (to reflect incoming signals to an antenna at the focus, hence amplifying signal), used in microwave repeating stations and radar control towers to boost intensity of received s ignals) gt;produce parallel beams of light used in torches, car headlight, etc Convex gt; shop security mirrors and side view mirrors (provides wider range of view) Radio waves reflected by ionosphere Ionosphere – region of Earth’s atmosphere which consists of charged particles (electrons and ions) -charged property allows it to reflect low frequency (high wavelength) EM waves such as radio waves -this reflection property enables the transmission of radio waves to receivers that are ‘out of sight’ due to the Earth’s curvature * explain that refraction is related to the velocities of a wave in different media and outline how this may result in the bending of a wavefront Wavefront – a line that joins all the point that are in phase in a wave (e. . a line that joins all crests, so is perpendicular to direction of propagation) Refraction – when waves travel from one medium to another, where they experience a change in speed, travel different distances (for the same interval of time), causing its wavefronts to bend. This changes the direction of propagation of the wave. Exception – when wave hits boundary between the two media at r ight angles, incident wavefronts are parallel to boundary, or incident angle is 0? -wavelength and velocity change -frequency remains the same When a wave travels from a more dense to a less dense medium, direction of wave bends away from the normal and vice versa. Note: deep water is less dense than shallow water * define refractive index in terms of changes in the velocity of a wave in passing from one medium to another Refractive Index – the absolute refractive index of a material is a ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the material RI = cv , where c is the speed of light, and v is the speed of light in material It is the change in velocity of a wave passing from one medium to another. related to optical density (i. e. high RI = high OD and vice versa) * define Snell’s Law: = = n? n? * identify the conditions necessary for total internal reflection with reference to the critical angle Total internal reflection occurs when the incidence angle is greater than the critical angle. * i. e. boundary totally reflects the waves, hence the wave never escapes the medium it is in Critica l angle: – wave travelling from more dense to less dense – angle of incidence forms an angle of reflection of 90? the critical angle) * outline how total internal reflection is used in optical fibres Fibre-Optic Communication – optic fibres made of glass or plastic materials -An optical fibre consists of a core (made of material with higher RI/ is more optically dense) and a cladding – Light encoded with data is guided along the length of the fibre via total internal reflection until it reaches the other end where the information is extracted and decoded Advantages| How/ Why| large amount of data can be transmitted at any one time * suitable for transmitting information where straight line transmission is impossible * interferences by outside disturbances are minimised since light waves are confined within fibres * energy lost due to long distance transmission minimised| * by using a group of many fibres * light waves only travel in straight lines * light waves are confined within fibres * energy of light waves totally trapped within core of fibres| . Electromagnetic waves have potential for future communication technologies and data storage technologies * identify types of communication data that are stored or transmitted in digital form * fibre optic communication * AM/FM radio broadcasting * mobile telephone calls * satellite communication How to cite Year 11 Physics: the World Communicates Dot Points, Papers

Scotch Thistle Essays - Invasive Plant Species, Agricultural Pests

Forage Production Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium) also known as cotton thistle or woolly thistle is native of Europe and eastern Asia and is probably an escaped ornamental plant. Scotch thistle stands are dense and practically impenetrable due to the weed's spiny nature and large size. It spreads by seed and generally inhabits moist sites or drainages in dry locations. It was introduced in the 1800s to the United States and it crowds out native species and crops. Scotch thistle is a branched, robust biennial (or sometimes annual) although it can behave as a winter or summer annual or a short-lived perennial under certain situations. Often grows 8 feet or more in height and 6 feet in width. Main stems may be up to 4 inches wide at the base. Stems have vertical rows of prominent, spiny, ribbon-like leaf material or "wings" that extend to the base of the flower heads. Leaves, which are armed with sharp, yellow spines, are up to 2 feet long and 1 foot wide. Upper and lower leaf surfaces are covered with a thick mat of cotton-like or woolly hairs, which give the foliage a gray-green appearance. Plants flower in mid-summer from July to September. The globe-shaped flower heads are borne in groups of 2 or 3 on branch tips. Flower heads are up to 2 inches in diameter, with long, stiff, needle-like bracts at the base. Flowers range in color from dark pink to lavender. Seeds are smooth, slender, and plumed. As a biennial, Scotch thistle typically lives for two growing seasons. Seeds usually germinate in the late fall, but germination can occur at other times, as well. Seedlings that appear in late autumn behave as true biennials, but seedlings produced during late summer or early autumn behave as annuals. During its first year, Scotch thistle produces a rosette with a taproot that may extend down 1 foot or more. Early in the second year, the plant bolts. Plants produce 8,400 to 40,000 seeds. Reports on seed longevity in the soil vary from unknown to up to 20+ years. Seeds are dispersed locally by wind; humans, water, livestock, and wildlife are involved in longer-distance dispersal. Seeds are sensitive to light. While some seeds will germinate in the dark, studies indicate that most germination occurs with alternating light/dark cycles, with 8 hours being the optimal day length Scotch thistle is a wasteland weed that generally inhabits moist sites or drainages in dry locations. If not controlled, it presses into farmland or forms dense canopies in any area overgrazed or not under intense cultivation. It is a major agricultural weed in the western United States. If the soil is moist enough, it has the ability to re-sprout when its roots are cut up during cultivation. In the western U.S., Scotch thistle infests wet meadows and pastures, as well as more arid big sagebrush sites. Scotch thistle is often associated with waste places, as well as rivers, streams, canals, or other waterways. It can also be abundant in dry pastures, fields, and rangeland. In particular, the plant thrives in light, well-drained, and sandy or stony soils. Temperature and moisture, rather than soil nutrient concentrations determine the ecological performance of Onopordum species. It is a major issue in rangeland management in northeastern Oregon, Idaho, and Utah. Scotch thistle can sp read rapidly. For example, it was first found in Utah in 1963. By 1981, it covered approximately 6070 hectares in 17 counties. Eight years later, it had spread to cover more than 22,540 hectares in 22 counties. Small areas can be eradicated by digging. Plants must be cut off below the soil, leaving no leaves attached. Mowing has limited effectiveness for controlling Scotch thistle. It usually only prevents seed production if done either immediately prior to flowering or when plants are just starting to flower. When mowing is conducted too early, it may only delay flowering. However, when plants are cut too late in the flowering process, viable seed may still develop in the capitula following cutting. Because there can be a wide variety in the maturity of plants, a single mowing is unlikely to provide satisfactory control. Establishing and maintaining dense, vigorous, competitive pasture can effectively prevent Scotch thistle establishment. Healthy pasture is

Free Essays on Spectator Violence

â€Å"These people want to hurt you. It’s frightening. You feel like you’re in a cage out there†. Reggie Smith, (Berger, 1990). Spectator violence at sporting events has been recorded throughout history. People who have power over the events, often team owners, indirectly influence the amount of spectator violence by encouraging the factors contributing to violence, in order to benefit themselves. Sale of alcohol, encouraging crowd intensity, creating rivalries, and targeting social groups, are factors affecting the degree of spectator violence and can be proven to be influenced by the owner’s actions. Therefore the blame for spectator violence can be attributed to whoever has power over the sport. Many historians suggest that an increase in spectator violence coincides with the commercialization of sports. Anthropologists agree that in societies where games were not for profit, they were enjoyed as celebrations of physical skill without competitiveness or violence between players or spectators (Berger, 1990). However, when people gained power or financially from the sporting events, spectator violence increased (Berger, 1990). Public spectacles and games were part of the Roman Empire. Each emperor had an amphitheater and the size of the crowd reflected the emperor’s wealth or power. The emperor through crowd excitement could influence spectator violence to such an extent that gladiators could be killed or freed depending on the crowd’s effect on the emperor (Robinson, 1998). The emperor encouraged the Roman working class, â€Å"to forget their own suffering, by seeing others suffer,† while the senators, and emperor would benefit financially from gambling p rofits (Robinson, 1998). With the commercialization of sports, owners’ profits increased with alcohol sales. Beer drinking has been an integral part of sports since the late 1870’s. Chris van der Alie noticed that his saloon did well when St. Louis Brown Stockings were... Free Essays on Spectator Violence Free Essays on Spectator Violence â€Å"These people want to hurt you. It’s frightening. You feel like you’re in a cage out there†. Reggie Smith, (Berger, 1990). Spectator violence at sporting events has been recorded throughout history. People who have power over the events, often team owners, indirectly influence the amount of spectator violence by encouraging the factors contributing to violence, in order to benefit themselves. Sale of alcohol, encouraging crowd intensity, creating rivalries, and targeting social groups, are factors affecting the degree of spectator violence and can be proven to be influenced by the owner’s actions. Therefore the blame for spectator violence can be attributed to whoever has power over the sport. Many historians suggest that an increase in spectator violence coincides with the commercialization of sports. Anthropologists agree that in societies where games were not for profit, they were enjoyed as celebrations of physical skill without competitiveness or violence between players or spectators (Berger, 1990). However, when people gained power or financially from the sporting events, spectator violence increased (Berger, 1990). Public spectacles and games were part of the Roman Empire. Each emperor had an amphitheater and the size of the crowd reflected the emperor’s wealth or power. The emperor through crowd excitement could influence spectator violence to such an extent that gladiators could be killed or freed depending on the crowd’s effect on the emperor (Robinson, 1998). The emperor encouraged the Roman working class, â€Å"to forget their own suffering, by seeing others suffer,† while the senators, and emperor would benefit financially from gambling p rofits (Robinson, 1998). With the commercialization of sports, owners’ profits increased with alcohol sales. Beer drinking has been an integral part of sports since the late 1870’s. Chris van der Alie noticed that his saloon did well when St. Louis Brown Stockings were...

A Brief Guide to Evaluating Your Own Writing

A Brief Guide to Evaluating Your Own Writing Youre probably used to having your writing evaluated by teachers. The odd abbreviations (AGR, REF, AWK!), the comments in the margins, the grade at the end of the paperthese are all methods used by instructors to identify what they see as the strengths and weaknesses of your work. Such evaluations can be quite helpful, but theyre no substitute for a thoughtful self-evaluation.* As the writer, you can evaluate the whole process of composing a paper, from coming up with a topic to revising and editing drafts. Your instructor, on the other hand, often can evaluate only the final product. A good self-evaluation is neither a defense nor an apology. Rather, its a way of becoming more aware of what you go through when you write and of what troubles (if any) that you regularly run into. Writing a brief self-evaluation each time you have completed a writing project should make you more aware of your strengths as a writer and help you see more clearly what skills you need to work on. Finally, if you decide to share your self-evaluations with a writing instructor or tutor, your comments can guide your teachers as well. By seeing where youre having problems, they may be able to offer more helpful advice when they come to evaluate your work. So after you finish your next composition, try writing a concise self-evaluation. The following four questions should help you get started, but feel free to add comments not covered by these questions. A Self-Evaluation Guide What part of writing this paper took the most time? Perhaps you had trouble finding a topic or expressing a particular idea. Maybe you agonized over a single word or phrase. Be as specific as you can when you answer this question. What is the most significant difference between your first draft and this final version? Explain if you changed your approach to the subject, if you reorganized the paper in any significant way, or if you added or deleted any important details. What do you think is the best part of your paper? Explain why a particular sentence, paragraph, or idea pleases you. What part of this paper could still be improved? Again, be specific. There may be a troublesome sentence in the paper or an idea that isnt expressed as clearly as you would like it to be. * Note to Instructors Just as students need to learn how to conduct peer reviews effectively, they need practice and training in carrying out self-evaluations if the process is to be worthwhile. Consider Betty Bambergs summary of a study conducted by Richard Beach. In a study specifically designed to investigate the effect of teacher comment and self-evaluation on revision, Beach [The Effects of Between-Draft Teacher Evaluation Versus Student Self-Evaluation on High School Students Revising of Rough Drafts in Research in the Teaching of English, 13 (2), 1979] compared students who used a self-evaluation guide to revise drafts, received teacher responses to drafts, or were told to revise on their own. After analyzing the amount and kind of revision that resulted with each of these instructional strategies, he found that students who received teacher evaluation showed a greater degree of change, higher fluency, and more support in their final drafts than students who used the self-evaluation forms. Moreover, students who used the self-evaluation guides engaged in no more revising than those who were asked to revise on their own without any assistance. Beach concluded the self-evaluation forms were ineffective because students had received little instruction in self-assessment and were not used to detaching themselves critically from their writing. As a result, he recommended that teachers provide evaluation during the writing of drafts (p. 119).(Betty Bamberg, Revision. Concepts in Composition: Theory and Practice in the Teaching of Writing, 2nd ed., ed. by Irene L. Clarke. Routledge, 2012) Most students need to conduct several self-evaluations at different stages of the writing process before theyre comfortable detaching themselves critically from their own writing. In any case, self-evaluations shouldnt be regarded as substitutes for thoughtful responses from teachers and peers.

Issues in Global Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Issues in Global Business - Essay Example Modern franchising can perhaps best be thought of as a method of organization that combines large and small business into a single administrative unit. In a franchise system one large firm, often called the parent company, grants or sells the right to distribute its products or use its trade name and processes to a number of smaller firms2. The use of contracts in franchising also varies from the standard approaches used in domestic operations. Because of the importance of consistency across outlets (both franchised and corporate-owned), the primary research focus of franchising has been on understanding how best to ensure that the franchisee delivers the business format service as specified by the franchisor. Typically, it is believed that this can be achieved through well-designed contract mechanisms such as fees and royalties. However, contracts become more difficult to monitor and enforce in the international environment as a result of time and distance3. The use of standard contracts that is common in the domestic setting is less common internationally where contracts are usually modified for host country laws and cultural differences. Even the use of a contract often takes on a different meaning in the diverse cultural and legal environments of international business4. (Table 1). Finally, the importance of the foreign franchisee to overall operations relative to that of most individual domestic franchisees is often greater as well. First, in international franchising, the foreign franchisees are often major multinational firms rather than small, independent entrepreneurs. This may be a result of greater awareness by the larger host country firms regarding the franchisor’s business concept5. Such firms also are attractive franchisees due to their strong financial position and longevity in business making them less ‘risky’ partners in an unfamiliar business environment. In Japan, Burger King’s franchise partner is Japan Tobacco, one of

Emperor Qinshihuang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Emperor Qinshihuang - Essay Example when the country set course to become unified, by about 221 B.C., during which time he provided leadership and direction to the country. Emperor Qin Shi Huang was the First Emperor of this new and Unified China, and his reign, first as king and then as Emperor, stretched from 246 to 210 B.C. To be fair, it should be noted the Emperor is recorded to be quite a tyrannical figure in Chinese history. This was likely necessitated by the fact, however, that he had to struggle to keep the country unified during this initial stage of China being governed by an Emperor, particularly during the first part of his reign. It was a paradox of sorts, as this 35 year rule of power by the Emperor saw both great advances in cultural and intellectual pursuits, yet also resulted in great amounts of destruction throughout the land (Donn & Donn 2003). Perhaps owing to this reason, there are different schools of thought when considering the perceived greatness of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. Yet, history cannot erase the fact that the first emperor of a unified China must be considered when broaching any discussion about what forms the foundation of the country that we know today. The basis for modern day China can certain be traced back way before the time of Christ, with the line of emperors that sough to advance the region into the most powerful and greatest country on earth. At the time that the Emperor came into power, China had really been ravaged by division. As such, the infrastructure of the country was in tatters, and there was little direction about how the country would experience any type of progress (Wood 2008). The people really did need a strong leader if they were going to advance as a civilization, so it was almost by necessity that Emperor Qin Shi Huang ruled with an iron fist so to speak. This dominate and charismatic leader, however, was able to accomplish a great deal during the 35 years he held onto the position of emperor. Some of the many accomplishments entailed t he numerous construction projects completed, adding greatly to the vitality of the region (Feuchtwang 2011). In addition, history shows us that China began to develop its own distinct culture and tradition during this time, as well as becoming known for its intellectual pursuits that are still marveled at today. In the end, however, there was also great destruction throughout the country as there were many who did not seek a unified China of this fashion, but the emperor was able to hang on. To understand how he did this, it would help to go back to the beginning and work our way forward. There is not tremendously reliable evidence about the birth and family lineage of Qin Shi Huang. It is widely believed that he was born as an illegitimate chid, and we are not entirely certain of his birth father of record (Wilkinson 2000). Just as today, illegitimate children in China are frowned upon a bit in the social hierarchy, so this likely contributed to some of the negative criticism aimed at the First Emperor. History today does shed a bit different of a light on the record of his birth, but the evidence is still not conclusive. The reality is, however, that we know Qin Shi Huang become unified China’s first Emperor at the early age of 13. Even though such young rulers are not unheard of in ancient civilization, this emperor actually ruled by proxy for the first 8 years, as Lu Buwei was the figure head and decision maker during that time. Buewi was the modern day equivalent of Prime Minister and, interestingly, is the person

Special Interest Tourism And Heritage Tourism Tourism Essay

Special Interest Tourism And Heritage Tourism Tourism Essay Special interest tourism can be defined as the provision of customized leisure and recreational experiences driven by the specific expressed interests of individual and group. (Douglas.N, 2001) In earlier days tourism word was termed as mass tourism.Mass tourism was the logical outcome of key social, economic, political and technological influences after the Second World War. Post-war was peace and prosperity, paid holidays, charter flights and cheap oil lubricated the wheels of tourism change (Po on 1993, pg 4). According to Poon( 1997) new tourism is a phenomenon of large scale packaging of non-standardized leisure services at competitive prices to suit demands of tourists as well as the economic and socio-environmental needs of destinations. Large scale packaging has been done by tour operators, airlines and multinational hotel groups who hold significant influence towards political economics of destinations and host communities all over the world. Special Interest tourism as defined by world tourism organization specialized tourism involves group or individual tours by people who wish to develop certain interest and visit sites and places connected with a specific subject. Generally speaking, the people concerned exercise the same profession or have a common hobby Special interest tourism activity includes wide variety urban, regional, well-established and newly emerging contexts. New tourism is a phenomenon of large scale packaging of non-standardized leisure service at competitive price to suit demands of tourism as well as the economic and socio ­-environmental needs of destinations. (Poon,1997) Question 2: How according to Douglas (2001), might this product be described as being complex? Author has chosen Heritage tourism as a product of special interest tourism. Heritage tourism is important for various reasons first of all it has a positive economic and social impact and helps the locals to preserve their historical monuments, museums, canals etc. And according to the study made travelers spend more money and stay more then other type of tourism http://www.indialine.com As per Douglas special interest tourism is a complex phenomenon characterized by flexible delivery, market segmentation and advances in technology affecting management and distribution. (Douglas-2001, pg3). Douglas termed it as a complex phenomenon. It might because of its effect on the current market trend and scenario or it might because of its effect on the communities who deliver the special interest tourism products. This complexity is directly linked with the communities who deliver SIT products. This complexity can be better understood by explaination by Douglas (2001) Douglas says The search for new experiences threatens current investment and provides alternative stresses on infrastructure like roads, transport systems, existing technology and accommodation, and access to sensitive natural locations. Both public and private sectors see problems with small-scale, personalized tourism traffic. (Douglas-200 1, pg 5). With increasing complexities in ones life these days, people are perpetually looking for a medium through which they get some peace of mind. This is where another science, that of meditation and spirituality comes into the scene. Meditation and Yoga are synonymous with India and Indian spirituality. Meditation is one of the most important components of Yoga, which is a mind-body therapy involving a series of exercises. http://uk.travelmartindia.com/india-culture.htm Question 3: Identify the reason for the growth of your example of SIT. Link your discussion to factors such as trends in consumer behavior and tourism industrys search for competitive advantage? The reason for the growth of heritage tourism is nothing but its the changing trend in the consumers taste. From mass tourism it is very specific segment of the tourism who wants to explore the historical aspect of the monuments etc. Heritage tourism basically attracts consumers which are really willing to know countrys historical events, battles, monuments etc. The reason for the growth of heritage tourism is increased leisure activities, high consumers. Educational tours has been organized by various institutes to heritage attractions, to encourage their students to learn more about their country past instead of reading these historical buildings, monuments on books. Media promoting the growth of heritage tourism through televisions worldwide and encouraging more more international tourists towards their countrys heritage attractions. Indias culture is like a rainbow of multiple facets which accommodates music, dance, performing arts, paintings and literature in itself which have gained recognition and fame from every comer of the world. Foreign tourist arrivals in India have grown from 6.9 percent in 2000 to 13.2 percent in 2005 for heritage tourism http://rwww.indiaenews.com, The growth of heritage tourism is directly linked with the growth of Indian economy. From mass tourism now its been specific tourism. as there is development in the country its led to the flow of tourist. Interest towards heritage tourism is very basic. As india is a place where there are many thing has happened, it is national movement, other historical movements, monuments like Taj Mahal, Mythological importance- there was Ramayana and Mahabharat kind of mythological events happened In india that automatically attracts attention of modern people to see the monuments and places. Questions 4: Who has responsibility for providing this particular type of product or service and to whom? (Note the latter requires you to examine what is the typical consumer profile of your SIT product?) It is the responsibility of the government and other intermediaries involved in tourism to make aware people about the site, places, monuments, and services and facilities at the place should be improved. The Indian tourism department looks after the publications distribution of promotional literature on India, information brochures for the tourists with the collaboration of Travel agents, tour operators, network of hotels, airlines, media, newspaper etc. The Tour operator service is to providing information related to travel to domestic or international tourists and arranging travel itineraries, hotel bookings, travel arrangement and combining all this into complete package. Sometimes, they also suggest tailor made itineraries to suite their guest requirement. These tour operators also work in close contact with various travel agents to arrange all above services. Both tour operator and travel agent work together in providing above services to a traveler in India. Tour Operators can be classified as Inbound Tour Operator and Outbound Tour Operator. Inbound Tour Operator provides services with in a country and Outbound Tour Operator arranges itineraries for travel outside a country h ttp://www.tourismdiary.com India receives largest number of overseas tourists from the United Kingdom, followed by United States, Sri Lanka, France, Germany, Canada, Japan, Australia, Singapore etc as a Heritage tourist. http://www.indiainbusiness.nic.in So not nationally it is internationally attracts the people to come and visit the places of historical importance in India. So it is the national and international both segment that has to be explored , attracted, and invited by providing better facilities, and infrastructure, and security by the government of india, state government, and other intermediaries of heritage tourism and local people too. Questions 5. Is there a link to sustainable development here? If so how? Sustainability in tourism-special interest tourism and with special reference to heritage tourism in India is not a big issue. Author believes that it is the basic facilities and infrastructural development that will keep the interest of the tourists towards heritage tourism in India. This heritage product is such kind of product of special interest tourism that is being treated as basic of tourism. People generally moves out to see the heritage properties of the country first compared to other product of specialized tourism. Sustainable tourism is an essential meaningless construct if the external context, and its effect on sustainability, are not taken into account in the planning and management of destinations and business. (Weaver-2006, pg 22) The above statements by Douglas refer to potential threats, which can disrupt the growth of wine or food tourism to a large extent. Every business should take into account external forces like climate, politics, social unrest and war before planning and making strategies. But the nature of wine tourism is self-sustaining.Wine-related tourism is therefore a significant factor in sustainable rural development, most obviously through the creation of jobs, the sale of local merchandise and the potential for creating linkages with other local business. (Douglas-2001, pg 320) Viticulture also has the capacity to provide sustainable land use in previously uneconomic agricultural areas, while tourism can help support the viability of agricultural diversification and m aximize the returns on existing viticulture. (Douglas ­2001, pg 322)

Investigatory Project—Lever

A more proficient use of lever: A heavier lift Introduction A. Background of the study Buildings, infrastructures and a like were built using the help of machines. But have you ever ruminated how ancient structures like pyramids were built? Simple machines figured it out. Simple machines are any device that only requires the application of a single force to work. It is a tool used to make work easier. It gives mechanical advantage. This means that if you use a lever and the mechanical advantage it provides, you can lift an object that's much heavier than you are because the lever multiplies your effort. Lever, it is often used to move heavy loads with less effort. It is a rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object. B. Statement of the problem A study on the proficiency of lever in lifting heavy objects. Specific Objectives †¢To build a tabletop lever and investigate how changing the length of the effort arm affects the amount of effort it takes to lift an object. †¢To discover other factors that can affect the proficiency of lever. 2 E. Review of related literature The following definitions are the terms and concepts regarding the said investigatory project. Simple machines is any device that only requires the application of a single force to work. It is a tool used to make work easier. lever magnifies force or velocity. It is often used to move heavy loads with less effort. It is a rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object. Fulcrum , the support about which a lever turns. Beam, The bar of a balance from which weighing pans are suspended. Parts of the lever (in the experiment, still undefined) Effort end †¢Effort arm †¢Load end †¢Load arm *The First Class Lever, Second Class Lever and the Third Class lever. The only difference between them is the location of the fulcrum. *Levers help you move items that are very heavy. In the First Class lever the fulcrum is located in the middle. The load is on one end and the force is on the other. (crowbar) Second Class the fulcrum is on the end, the resistance force, the load, is in the middle, and the effort is at the other end. (wheelbarrow) The Third Class fulcrum is on the end of one side, the effort force is in the middle, and the resistance force, the load, is at the the top. baseball bat) *Levers are easy to spot because they help us in our lives. Some examples are: see-saw, claw hammer, crow bar, bottle opener, Piano keys, and car jacks. Bibliography Definition of terms: McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright  © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. http://encyclozine. com/science/physics/machines http://encyclopedia2. thefreedictionary. com/simple+machine http://www. thefreedictionary. com/beam Methodology A. Materials and equipment †¢Ruler (with centimetres) †¢Plastic bag †¢Masking tape †¢Scissors †¢Pencil †¢Soap box with soap in it †¢Marbles (in same sizes) B. Procedure To start this project, you will need to build your lever. The ruler will be the beam for the lever. Tape a bar of soap to one end of the ruler. The soap is the load you will be trying to lift. Next you will need to construct a container out of your plastic bag to hold the marbles in. The bag and the marbles you'll place in the bag will be the effort. As you add more marbles, you are increasing the weight in the bag and thus, the effort until you eventually have enough effort to lift the soap bar. Put a piece of tape approximately 1 centimeter (cm) from the top of a plastic bag . Fold the taped part in half. Using a pair of scissors, cut a slit long enough to allow the ruler to slip through. Slip the free end of the ruler into the slit. Tape the bag to the ruler so it does not slide around. Be careful not to tape the bag closed, as you will need to add marbles in it. tape pencil to the edge of a table. Place your lever on the fulcrum. The bar of soap should be resting on the table, and the bag for the marbles should be dangling over the edge of the table. Position the ruler so that the length of the effort arm is 6 cm. You can use the markings on the ruler to measure 6 cm. Add marbles to the bag, one at a time, until the bar of soap lifts off the table. Continue increasing the effort arm length by 2-cm increments until the measures 24 cm. Materials and Equipment †¢Metric ruler (preferably one that is stiff and has centimeter markings) †¢Plastic sandwich bag (1) †¢Tape (preferably masking tape) †¢Scissors †¢Pen or pencil †¢Bar of soap (still in its packaging) †¢Pennies (approximately $3 worth; alternatively, marbles, beans, or some other small numerous item will work) †¢Lab notebook †¢Graph paper Experimental Procedure 1. To start this project, you will need to build your lever. The ruler will be the beam for the lever. Tape a bar of soap to one end of the ruler. The soap is the load you will be trying to lift. 2. Next you will need to construct a container out of your plastic bag to hold the pennies in. The bag and the pennies you'll place in the bag will be the effort. As you add more pennies, you are increasing the weight in the bag—and thus, the effort—until you eventually have enough effort to lift the soap bar (the load). a. Put a piece of tape approximately 1 centimeter (cm) from the zipper part of the top of a plastic sandwich bag. Do this on both the inside and the outside of one side of the plastic bag. See Figure 2. a. below. b. Fold the taped section in half, width-wise. Using a pair of scissors, cut a slit long enough to allow the ruler to slip through. See Figure 2. b. below. c. Slip the free end of the ruler (the effort end) into the slit. Tape the bag to the ruler so it does not slide around. Be careful not to tape the bag closed, as you will need to add pennies inside it (the effort). 1. ncrease the length of the effort arm by 2 cm (total length should now be 8 cm) and repeat step 5 again. Did it take more or fewer pennies to lift the load? Record your findings. 2. Continue increasing the effort arm length by 2-cm increments and retrying the experiment until the effort arm measures 24 cm. Don't forget to record all the data in your data table. 3. Analyze your data. You can make a line graph with the length of the effort arm on the x-axis and the number of pennies it takes to lift the load on the y-axis. Do you see a pattern? What happens when you double the distance? What happens when you quadruple the distance? To use the computer to make your graph you can visit the Create A Graph website. . You are trying to determine the relationship between two variables: the effort (# of pennies) it takes to lift the load (bar of soap) and the length of the effort arm, so choose the XY graph. b. Select the Data Tab, fill in: ?The graph title ?X-axis label (remember, the x-axis is the length of the effort arm) ? Y-axis label (remember, the y-axis is the number of pennies is takes to lift the load) ? In the Data Set box, tell the program you have 12 data points. ?For each point, fill in the length of the effort arm (x) and the number of pennies (y). So, point 1x would be 6 since you took your first data reading when the effort arm was 6 cm long. Point 1y would be the number of pennies, recorded in your data table, that it took to lift the soap bar at an effort arm length of 6 cm. ?You can use the remaining options to customize the font styles and colors of your chart. c. When you are done, print it out. Variations †¢What happens if you double the load by adding two soap bars? Does the effort (number of pennies in this science project) required to lift the load also double? What if you triple or quadruple the load? Use a kitchen scale to determine how much the load (soap bar) weighs and how much the effort (number of pennies needed to lift the soap bar) weighs. Can you use this information to calculate how much effort it would take to lift you? †¢In your background research you learned that there were several classes of levers. In the project above, you built a class 1 lever. Try building a class 2 lever, too. Compare t he class 1 and 2 levers. Do they require the same effort to lift the load? Remember to keep the distance between the fulcrum and the effort end the same when comparing the levers!

A Man Defeated By His Flaws in Sophocles’ play, “Antigone”

In Sophocles’ play, â€Å"Antigone† translated by Robert Fitzgerald and Dudley Fitts, Creon believes his laws surpass the laws written by the gods but his real flaw is his belief in masculine superiority and his self-destructive pride. In Greek literature, a tragedy means a sad story in which a hero is defeated because of his flaws and through this the audience will have a better understanding of themselves and the world. King Creon takes the audience thru his journey of ego, stubbornness and suffering. The opening events of the play quickly establish the central conflict between the two main characters. King Creon and Antigone have opposing positions, but both possess the same stubborn belief in their own righteousness and therefore both share the blame for the tragic end of the play. A major theme of Antigone is the conflict between religious law and government law. King Creon’s first speech is dominated by words such as â€Å"law†, â€Å"policy†, and â€Å"decree,† which demonstrates his belief and commitment to government and law as the supreme authority. Whereas Antigone believes in religious law and adheres to the divine law of the gods. Antigone knows Creon has â€Å"no right to trample on God’s right† (Sophocles 221). She makes it known that no law surpasses the divine, inherent law of the gods by defying Creon’s orders and buries her deserted brother. â€Å"She performs the burial, or rather that symbolic and ceremonial act which is taken for it, because the gods demand it, and not soShow MoreRelatedEssay about Gender Bias Critic of Antigone1724 Words   |  7 PagesGender Bias Approach to Antigone Just as one stone removed can break a bridge, one flaw can bring a man to ruins. The flaw of one man cannot bring down an entire kingdom, but rather one outlook of the king can lead to the demise of the whole. In Sophocles epic tragedy, Antigone, a strong gender bias is present throughout the tragedy, and is partially responsible for the downfall of the king. To Sophocles the king is not always representative of the people, but acts on his own personal desiresRead MoreThe Tragic Flaw Of Sophocles Antigone990 Words   |  4 Pageshamartia or tragic flaw is a predominant motif that can be seen throughout many works from the Ancient Greek time period. Hamartia means to â€Å"miss the mark† (Merriam-Webster) and is often what leads to the demise of the tragic hero. In the play Antigone by Sophocles, this proves to be true (comma or this idea proves to be true) as the tragic flaw of hubris leads to the downfall of two central characters. Hubris is known as a sense of great pride and through Antigone, Creon and Antigone are shown to beRead MoreTheme Of Conflict In Antigone983 Words   |  4 PagesGreek tragedy, Antigone, explores a dramatic conflict between the individual and the state. The epicenter of this tragedy revolves around the juxtaposition of Antigone and Creon—symbols of the moral law and the human law. They embody m oral arguments that converge in opposition to one another, but since both parties failed to accept each other’s opinion, both were defeated at the end. This ensures no explicit answer on which side should take precedence over the other, making the play ambiguous andRead More Sophocles’ Antigone Essay1759 Words   |  8 PagesSophocles’ Antigone The character of Antigone in Sophocles’ play, Antigone, is one of the most controversial tragic characters in classic literature. The war in her city has torn her family apart, caused the death of both her brothers, and created a reason for her to fight against the King, her uncle. Her uncle, Creon, makes a ruling that her brother, Polynices, is not to be buried because he is a traitor, but according to her religion, her brother’s soul will not go to the afterlife until heRead MoreOedipus as King of Thebes: Antigone by Sophocles1380 Words   |  6 PagesThe effect of pride is the centers piece of man’s perpetual role in his own destruction. This is illustrated by various characters’ such as Creon in Antigone by Sophocles, Oedipus in Oedipus the King by Sophocles and the Trojans in the Aeneid by Virgil. In the Antigone we see the consequence of one’s pride and desire for power take hold, when Creon decides to punish Antigone for disobeying the law off the land and proving Polynices with a burial. The disregard for any form of sympathy would eventuallyRead MoreOedipus The King And Antigone1909 Words   |  8 Pages as depicted in Sophocles’ two Greek tragedies, Oedipus the King and Antigone. The plays are written in a series falling into the same setting. Oedipus and Creon both deal with being rulers in contrasting styles and we can see their true characteristics when stressful situations arise during their respective reigns. Oedipus is portrayed as a strong, yet fair ruler to his citizens. However, when Creon obtains power soon after, he embodies conflicting ideals and looks to serve his personal ego. UnlikeRead MoreThe Tragic Heroes Of Sophocles Oedipus Rex And Antigone Essay2374 Words   |  10 Pagesquestioned in Ancient Greece where fate and self-will were the main themes of the plays. Many plays displayed the tragic hero as a victim of their own fate while others blamed the heroes for their suffering. The plays Oedipus Rex and Antigone, written by Sophocles, display the themes defined by Aristotle. Are we the authors of our fate or is our fate written and destined to happen? In both plays, Oedipus and Antigone face their downfall because of self-will. They bring on their own doom because ofRead Moretheme of alienation n no where man by kamala markandeya23279 Words   |  94 Pagesï » ¿ANTIGONE KEY LITERARY ELEMENTS SETTING This tragedy is set against the background of the Oedipus legend. It illustrates how the curse on the House of Labdacus (who is the grandson of Cadmus, founder of Thebes, and the father of Laius, whose son is Oedipus) brought about the deaths of Oedipus and his wife-mother, Jocasta, as well as the double fratricide of Eteocles and Polynices. Furthermore, Antigone dies after defying King Creon. The play is set in Thebes, a powerful city-state north of Read MoreAnalysis Of Snow s Midsummer By Guan Hanqing1629 Words   |  7 Pagesreader or spectator the satisfaction of seeing the hero be rewarded for his or her virtuous actions. Alternatively, the evil or malicious characters are usually punished thanks to the hero s actions and thus brings a somewhat â€Å"happy ending† to the conflict. Many authors and playwrights would mostly hesitate to bring an unpleasant end to their stories so that the audience may leave their seats with a more positive outlook on the play. Nevertheless, it might be debatable if a standardized nemetic ending

Animal Cruelty And The Prevention Of Cruelty - 1434 Words

The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, better known as the ASPCA is a non profit organization that focuses on preventing animal cruelty. The mission of the ASPCA is â€Å"to provide effective means for the prevention of cruelty to animals throughout the United States† (ASPCA). Animal cruelty and neglect are huge problems in the United States, therefore organizations such as the ASPCA are needed to start the process of prevention. The ASPCA website is used to to bring awareness to the issue of animal cruelty through actions such as: donations, volunteers, advocacy centers, adoptions, and fundraisers. The ASPCA website is effective in bringing awareness and preventing animal cruelty through factors including visuals,†¦show more content†¦The next piece of criteria that the ASPCA website uses is the text. Each important piece of information on the homepage are in large, bolded letters. This feature emphasizes the importance of the words. For exam ple, the black text that reads â€Å"63 cents a day† is an important piece of information regarding donations. The text is also black in color, but placed on a white background. This idea makes the message â€Å"pop† and grabs the viewer’s attention. Due to the placement of the text, it catches the viewer’s attention and could drive them to consider donating just that small amount of money to the ASPCA. This is a vital factor for this organization because donations help drive the prevention of animal cruelty. Also, the idea of using only sixty three cents to advertise donations helps to encourage people to take action because it is such a small amount. Another example is on the ‘Take Action’ page, the key elements are in bold colors such as blue and green. The final piece of text that supports the mission of the organization is in the menu bar. The orange text on the menu bar is eye-catching, which is important because the buttons lead to pla ces where viewers can adopt pets, volunteer, and donate; these are all great opportunities to effectively bring awareness to preventing animal cruelty. Specific colors, when used strategically can benefit aShow MoreRelatedAnimal Cruelty : The American Society For The Prevention Of Cruelty1627 Words   |  7 Pagesand heartbreaking events, and paring it with animal cruelty would release a surge of emotions in the audience, which is exactly what the creators of the ASPCA commercials were targeting. ASPCA (The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) is a non-profit organization created to receive monthly donations in order to save the lives of innocent animals being abused and neglected (ASPCA, 2014). The commercial is trying to persuade animal lovers and pet owners to donate to the ASPCARead MoreThe Prevention Of Animal Cruelty Society2386 Words   |  10 Pagesdirector of The Prevention of Animal Cruelty Society also known as PACS and we are located at 1006 Intervale Avenue Bronx NY 10457. I can be contacted at Tina.alicea1@yahoo.com or 347-555-9999. The Prevention of Animal Cruelty Society (PACS) requests fundi ng to continue educating against animal cruelty. Animal cruelty in New York is a very significant social issue because animals should have the same right to live and be unharmed as humans and many New York households own pets. Animal cruelty consists ofRead MoreAnimal Cruelty Every year, the RSPCA (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) takes1200 Words   |  5 PagesAnimal Cruelty Every year, the RSPCA (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) takes in close to 50,000 reports of animal mistreatment in Australia and about 150,000 in England and in Wales (RSPCA, 2013). However, these figures do not include the cases when mistreatment is not reported which, according to the RSPCA, happens almost as often as the ones recorded (RSPCA, 2013). Maltreatment occurs when an animal is tormented or harmed, imprisoned or transported from one place to anotherRead MoreA Brief Note On Animal Shelter And The American Society For The Prevention Of Cruelty Essay965 Words   |  4 Pagesover populated with animals. Dogs and cats are left at the shelters for many reason. The question being research is why are animal shelter over populate. What are the causes of animal shelter being over populated? What are the benefit of adopting? What are the effect on animal in over populated shelters? And how can we help animal shelters stop being over populated? ASPCA. (2010). Pet Overpopulation. Teacher Newsletter of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals 1, 1-13 from http://wwwRead MoreThe Aspc Preventing Animal Cruelty1485 Words   |  6 PagesThe ASPCA: Preventing Animal Cruelty One Animal at a Time The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, better known as the ASPCA is a nonprofit organization that focuses on preventing animal cruelty. The mission of the ASPCA is â€Å"to provide effective means for the prevention of cruelty to animals throughout the United States† (ASPCA). Animal cruelty and neglect are tremendous problems in the United States, therefore, organizations such as the ASPCA are needed to start the processRead MoreAnimal Cruelty Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal cruelty is any act of violence or neglect against an animal. A few things one may have seen are an animal tied up outside for all hours of the day with no food or water or maybe a person has seen an owner purposely hit their dog. Animals, like humans, have feelings and reactions to the way they are handled: abused animals could become dangerous to society. Society most often defines animal cruelty as the infliction of physical pain, suffering, or death upon an animal when not necessary forRead MoreA Brief History of Animal Abuse and Cruelty Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pagesattracted by black smoke. She managed to put out the the flames with her sweater and proceeded to rush him to a small animal hospital with severe burns over his whole body and a serious ankle infection. Although he lost 60% off of both of his ears he maintained almost complete mobility of his leg. He still has a slight limp. Judi Bunge, a senior vet technician at Buffalo Small Animal Hospital who had been looking after Phoenix, adopted him soon after he had fully recovered. He now lives with Judi andRead MoreThe Evolution of Anticruelty Laws950 Words   |  4 PagesSoon, many groups were concerned about how animals were being treated. Anticruelty laws were first passed in Great Britain. The United States quickly followed, responding to the animal welfare groups; insisting that the government needed to act to prevent unnecessary cruelty to animals (Judson 20). This movement grew rapidly across the United States. In 1829, New York passed the first anticruelty law prohibiting the malicious injuring or killing or farm animals such as horses, oxen, cattle or sheep.Read MoreInformative Speech Of Animal Cruelty On Domestic Pets And Animals813 Words   |  4 Pagesbe giving a speech on the topic of Animal Cruelty on Domestic Pets/Animals. Let me start off by defining animal cruelty. Animal cruelty or animal abuse is the harm and suffering done to animals by humans; whether it be intentional or unintentional (2). Unintentional animal abuse is when a person neglects and ignores the suffering of an animal (2). The other form of abuse is intentional animal cruelty, which is when an individual causes harm or injury to an animal on purpose just to feel in controlRead MoreThe American Society For The Prevention Of Cruelty1198 Words   |  5 PagesThe A merican Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Henry Bergh created an organization that believes that animals are entitled too respectful and kind treatment that must be protected under the law. Today, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is privately funded, not-for-profit corporation centered in New York City. Among abuse and cruelty situations, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals also deals with Animal Homelessness and Adoption (â€Å"About